The gut microbiota plays a fundamental role in the regulation of metabolic, endocrine and immune functions. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber, play a key role in the regulation of the neuroimmunoendocrine system. In this review we describe the current knowledge on the involvement of SCFA in microbiota-gut-brain interactions. Recent studies suggest that an imbalance of gut bacteria plays a role in several disorders and there is compelling evidence that SCFA are involved in intestinal physiology, immune function, host metabolism, development and CNS homeostasis. Indeed, SCFA can regulate CNS processes through direct and indirect means by shaping behavior and cognitive function. Therefore, understanding how these metabolites participate in these complex gut-brain interactions may help in the development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of CNS disorders. Furthermore, through their effects on the development and maintenance of healthy brain function, these metabolites have potential for use as dietary supplements with a range of psychological functions.
Year: 2020
Nationality: Brazil
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